: Instead of looking at force directly, physicists use the concept of a "field" produced by a charge. The electric field at any point is the force a small positive test charge would feel at that spot:

In Serway’s curriculum, the study of electromagnetism begins by defining how charges interact through space without physical contact. Coulomb's Law

. Below is a fundamental "piece" or summary of one of its most critical early chapters: Electric Fields Core Concepts: Electric Fields (Chapter 23)

provides a step-by-step problem-solving strategy (Conceptualize, Categorize, Analyze, Finalize) to help break down complex physics problems. Univerza v Ljubljani different chapter , such as Gauss's Law or Magnetic Fields? Physics for Scientists & Engineers & Modern Physics, 9th Ed

: This is the foundation of electrostatics. It states that the electric force ( cap F sub e

modified cap E with right arrow above equals the fraction with numerator modified cap F with right arrow above sub e and denominator q sub 0 end-fraction Superposition Principle