Let ( I ) = total current to be measured, ( I_g ) = full-scale deflection current of galvanometer, ( R_g ) = galvanometer resistance.
A low-range galvanometer becomes a high-range ammeter. 8. Conversion into Voltmeter To measure voltage, a high resistance (( R )) is connected in series with the galvanometer.
To increase sensitivity, increase ( N ), ( B ), or ( A ), or decrease ( k ). 7. Conversion into Ammeter A galvanometer can measure only small currents (μA to mA range). To measure larger currents, a low resistance called a shunt (( S )) is connected in parallel with the galvanometer.
Let ( V ) = voltage to be measured, ( I_g ) = full-scale deflection current.

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