It sounds like you’re asking for a (question paper) based on the textbook Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics by Dr. C.V.S. Subrahmanyam (a very common reference in Indian pharmacy courses, especially for B.Pharm).
c) Discuss factors affecting drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. (8) d) Write a short note on Dissolution and Noyes-Whitney equation . (7) Q3. (Long Answer – 15 Marks) a) Derive the equation for one-compartment open model – IV bolus. Calculate elimination rate constant (K) given data. (8) b) Explain volume of distribution (Vd) – significance and factors affecting it. (7) Biopharmaceutics And Pharmacokinetics By C.v.s.
c) Derive the equation for oral absorption (one-compartment model) – method of residuals. (8) d) Define flip-flop kinetics – when does it occur? (7) Q5. (Long Answer – 15 Marks) a) Explain protein binding of drugs – mechanisms, factors affecting, and clinical importance. (8) b) Describe renal excretion of drugs: glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, and reabsorption. (7) It sounds like you’re asking for a (question
c) Classify various transport mechanisms across biological membranes. Explain active transport with an example. (8) d) Write a note on Biological membrane (structure & functions). (7) Q2. (Long Answer – 15 Marks) a) Enumerate different routes of drug administration and compare oral vs. IV pharmacokinetics. (7) b) Define bioavailability and bioequivalence . Explain methods to assess bioavailability. (8) c) Discuss factors affecting drug absorption from the
c) What is clearance ? Differentiate between total clearance, renal clearance, and hepatic clearance. (8) d) Calculate the loading dose & maintenance dose for a drug with given Vd, Cl, and desired Cp. (7) Q4. (Long Answer – 15 Marks) a) Explain the two-compartment open model – IV bolus. Draw plasma concentration-time profile. (8) b) Discuss non-linear pharmacokinetics (Michaelis-Menten kinetics) – causes & clinical significance. (7)
c) Write a note on Hepatic clearance – intrinsic clearance, extraction ratio (ER), high & low extraction drugs. (8) d) Define First-pass metabolism with examples. (7) Q6. (Long Answer – 15 Marks) a) Discuss multiple dosing – steady-state concentration (Css), accumulation index, and loading dose. (8) b) What are In-vitro – In-vivo correlation (IVIVC) ? Levels of correlation. (7)