Historically, carrying extra weight was a sign of prosperity. However, the modern conundrum stems from an 'obesogenic environment'—one that encourages high-calorie intake and sedentary behaviour. Urbanisation has reduced physical activity, while the mass production of processed foods has made sugar and fat cheap and readily available.
Passage (Simulated) A Weighty Issue
4. A (Paragraph 1: "encourages high-calorie intake and sedentary behaviour") 5. B (Paragraph 2: "unfairly penalise lower-income groups") 6. D (Paragraph 3: "their widespread application remains cost-prohibitive") Question 7: Short Answer According to the passage, what type of therapy is now being combined with diet plans to address weight issues?
Attempts to combat obesity have shifted from focusing solely on personal willpower to addressing systemic factors. For instance, some cities have implemented 'sugar taxes' on soft drinks, while others have redesigned urban spaces to promote walking and cycling. Yet, critics argue that such measures unfairly penalise lower-income groups, for whom healthy food is often less accessible.
Recent research highlights the role of genetics and epigenetics in weight regulation. Scientists have identified over 250 DNA regions linked to body mass index (BMI). Nevertheless, experts agree that genes do not seal one's fate; rather, they interact with environmental triggers. This understanding has paved the way for personalised nutrition plans, though their widespread application remains cost-prohibitive.
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